These are the ones I've thought of off of the top of my head; please add more if you know them, or if you want to know. I think it's a good idea to have a link for each one, to allow for a longer treatment of each one, if it's deserved. For example, the key types could probably use some in-depth discussion.
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Keys
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Freenet stores files. Each file is identified by a key. Whenever you want to retrieve a file, you give Freenet the key, and Freenet will hopefully give you the file contents. Keys are currently not updatable, that is, you cannot change the contents of the file once it's been inserted.
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KSK
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Keyhash Signed Key, the simplest type of freenet key. Very insecure, because anyone can insert any file they want under the same KSK key as someone else, and it will be pure luck which file the requester gets.
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CHK
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Content Hash Key, a freenet key that guarantees that it holds certain content. The CHK key is calculated from the contents of the file, and is thus not user-inputtable.
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SSK
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Subspace Signed Key, a key that is verified by a public key and a keyword. A bit like KSK, but only someone who knows the private key can insert content, thus making them secure against tampering.
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SVK
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Fred
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Fred is the Freenet REference Daemon, the reference (and only working) implementation of the freenet protocol.
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DBR
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Date Based Redirect, a method for publishing content that changes regularly. Or, the key with the Date Redirect ? that sends you to a DBR site. Please note that DBR does not allow one to change an already-inserted file; it just allows automatic redirects based on current time. Also, if the key the redirect is pointing at hasn't been inserted by the time it's being pointed at, you get a DNF error.
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FProxy
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Freenet Proxy, which is included and automatically enabled in the default Freenet distribution, allows Freenet to be used with a web browser. Simply point your browser at localhost:8888 and start surfing. Please note that it might take nearly a minute for the node to start accepting connections after startup, so if you get "connection rejected" errors in your browser, be patient.
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Freesites
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Because the FProxy allows a web browser to retrieve files from Freenet, is a logical step to insert a html file and picture files to make a web site in Freenet, a freesite.
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FIW
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Freenet Insertion Wizard is a graphical wizard-style program to insert freesites into Freenet. It is programmed in Java.
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Fuqid
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A down/upload manager for Freenet. Very usefull if you need to move lots of files to/from Freenet. Get it from the freesite at SSK@C Kes ZYUJ Wn 2 G Mvoif 1 R4 S Dbuj Ig P Ag M ?/fuqid/10//
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HTL
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Hops To Live. A request (or insert) will go at most this many steps before giving up. Each node in the path of the request will reduce it by one, and if it reaches zero without finding the file, a DNF is returned. Please note that if an incoming request has HTL of more than 15, it's reduced to 15, so there's not much point in putting it higher than this.
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DNF
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Data Not Found. This error message means that the file you were trying to get couldn't be found, either because there is no such file in the network (maybe a DBR freesite author forgot to insert a new edition of his front page), or because the data is there your request simply couldn't reach it. You might want to try again, with a bigger HTL.
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RNF
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Route Not Found. This error message means that your node could not find another node willing to accept your search request. This can happen if all the nodes your node knows about are overloaded, and is particularly common shortly after a node is restarted.
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NGR
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Next Generation Routing, which isn't that new anymore, is the new routing implementation, which chooses routes based on throughput, latency, and chances of success. The "original" routing chose simply based on keyspace closeness. See node: NGR
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mRI
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Minimum Request Interval ?, part of the new rate-limiting code. A node asks that you not send it a request more than once per mRI. See nodes m RI and Backoff.
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NPE
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Null Pointer Exception ?. This is the Java Bad Thing, like an Access Error or a SIGSEGV. One of these in the logs means that something has gone wrong.
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OOM
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Out Of Memory Exception ?. A recurring problem with fred is that it will find a way to eat all of your memory, until java won't give it any more. Then it will die with an OOM.
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DS
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Data Store ?, where fred keeps all of the keys it's collected, in encrypted form.
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RT
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the Routing Table ?, where fred keeps information on other nodes and how to contact them.
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DSB
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Data Store Bug ?. This one is dead, but you might hear about it now and then. Back when freenet used a "monolithic" datastore, instead of the current NativeFSDirectory, an unknown bug would corrupt stores on a more-or-less regular basis, forcing a reset. Needless to say, this was bad for data lifetime in general.
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JVM
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The Java Virtual Machine, which is the software that fred (and all Java applications and applets) run on top of.
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Frost
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A Freenet client, which allows users to converse in a Usenet-like fashion and to share files. Supports digitally signing messages to create identities, SSK-based boards where only the one who knows the private key can post (allowing announcement boards for various programs, including Frost itself) and on-demand uploading, where a file is only uploaded once someone requests it. Frost is an open-source program made in Java. Homepage: http://jtcfrost.sourceforge.net/
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FIW
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The Freesite Insertion Wizard, a tool for inserting sites into freenet, by mihi. A lot of people seem to like it. Link on the Papers And Tools page.
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FNP
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Freenet Network Protocol ?, the language that freenet nodes speak to each other. The node listens for FNP connections on a port randomly set at installation time, and needs to be able to accept connections on that port.
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FCP
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